Lesson 10: 北京话

124 words

WordPinyinDefinition
下岗xià gǎngto come off sentry duty
主见zhǔ jiànone's own view
交往jiāo wǎngto associate (with)
京城jīng chéngcapital of a country
人体rén tǐhuman body
付账fù zhàngto settle an account
来历lái lìhistory
便于biàn yúeasy to
倒腾dǎo tengto move
做官zuò guānto take an official post
优美yōu měigraceful
元朝Yuán cháo
儿化韵ér huà yùnretroflex final
内外nèi wàiinside and outside
全国性quán guó xìngnational
刽子手guì zi shǒuexecutioner
包含bāo hánto contain
北京话Běi jīng huà
口若悬河kǒu ruò xuán hémouth like a torrent (idiom)
同化tóng huàassimilation (cultural, digestive, phonemic etc)
吴语Wú yǔ
吸取xī qǔto absorb
哈尔滨Hā ěr bīn
喧嚣xuān xiāoto clamor
to crack (seeds) between one's teeth
四声sì shēngthe four tones of Middle Chinese: level tone 平聲|平声, rising tone 上聲|上声, departing tone 去聲|去声 and entering tone 入聲|入声
圆润yuán rùnmellow and full
地域dì yùarea
城镇chéng zhèntown
大师dà shīgreat master
大臣dà chénchancellor (of a monarchy)
天性tiān xìngnature
奉承fèng chengto fawn on
字正腔圆zì zhèng qiāng yuán(of singing or speaking) very articulate pronunciation and vocalizing
字音zì yīnphonetic value of a character
安徽Ān huī
官话guān huà"officialese"
家喻户晓jiā yù hù xiǎounderstood by everyone (idiom)
封建社会fēng jiàn shè huìfeudal society
Chuānriver
巡查xún cháto patrol
平实píng shísimple and unadorned
年间nián jiānin the years of
幽默yōu mò(loanword) humor
广博guǎng bóextensive
仿佛fǎng fúto seem
彼此bǐ cǐeach other
得天独厚dé tiān dú hòublessed by heaven (idiom)
悦耳yuè ěrsweet-sounding
憷头chù tóuto be afraid to stick out
懒散lǎn sǎninactive
敢情gǎn qingactually
明朝Míng cháo
时过境迁shí guò jìng qiānthings change with the passage of time (idiom)
曹雪芹Cáo Xuě qín
有一搭无一搭yǒu yī dā wú yī dāsee 有一搭沒一搭|有一搭没一搭[you3 yi1 da1 mei2 yi1 da1]
格格gé geprincess (loanword from Manchu, used in the Qing Dynasty)
Guìsurname Gui
机灵jī lingclever
注重zhù zhòngto pay attention to
活生生huó shēng shēngreal (people)
清晰qīng xīclear
清朝Qīng cháo
清脆qīng cuìsharp and clear
温馨wēn xīncomfort
Diān
满族Mǎn zú
满语Mǎn yǔ
灰头土脸huī tóu tǔ liǎnhead and face filthy with grime (idiom)
无法wú fǎunable
无论如何wú lùn rú héwhatever the case
炉火纯青lú huǒ chún qīnglit. the stove fire has turned bright green (allusion to Daoist alchemy) (idiom)
直率zhí shuàicandid
真切zhēn qièvivid
短处duǎn chùshortcoming
称谓chēng wèititle
粗壮cū zhuàngthick and solid
红楼梦Hóng lóu Mèng
经商jīng shāngto trade
老舍Lǎo Shě
耐用nài yòngdurable
腔调qiāng diàoaccent
自嘲zì cháoto mock oneself
自身zì shēnitself
蒙古族Měng gǔ zú
萨其马sà qí mǎsee 沙琪瑪|沙琪玛[sha1 qi2 ma3]
融合róng héa mixture
词汇cí huìvocabulary
话语huà yǔwords
语系yǔ xìlanguage family
diàoto transfer
譬如pì rúfor example
豪气háo qìheroic spirit
贴切tiē qièclose-fitting
赶考gǎn kǎoto go and take an imperial examination
zhérut
辨别biàn biéto differentiate
进贡jìn gòngto offer tribute
运用yùn yòngto use
金代Jīn dài
长处cháng chùgood aspects
开阔kāi kuòwide
随和suí héamiable
雅俗共赏yǎ sú gòng shǎngcan be enjoyed by scholars and lay-people alike (idiom)
鞋垫xié diàninsole
yùnbeautiful sound
魅力mèi lìcharm
pigeon
Qián
齐齐哈尔Qí qí hā ěr
是…的shì … deis … (used for emphasis)
悠然自得yōu rán zì décarefree
以…为…yǐ … wèi …regarding ... as ...
离谱儿lí pǔ eroutrageous
北方话běi fāng huànorthern speech
找茬儿zhǎo chá erfind fault
猫儿腻māo er nìsecret
窝棚wō péngshed
不仅仅…更…bù jǐn jǐn … gèng …not only … but also …
与…有关yǔ … yǒu guānhave something to do with
仪事yí shìdiscuss official business
定都dìng dūestablish a capital
卷舌音juǎn shé yīnretroflex consonant
辽代Liáo dài